Why Do Hotter Countries Have A Taste For Spicier Food?

Why Do Hotter Countries Have A Taste For Spicier Food?

When it comes to cuisine, some countries are known for their love of spice – think of India, Thailand, and Mexico – while others prefer a more understated approach to seasoning (we see you, Britain and Scandinavia). It’s no surprise that generally, warmer regions tend to embrace spicier flavors more enthusiastically.

Contrary to popular belief, the appeal of spice isn’t just about adding heat or covering up bad flavors. One interesting theory suggests that spicy cuisines originated in hot climates because spices have antimicrobial properties that help combat harmful bacteria that thrive in warmer temperatures.

This concept of “Darwinian gastronomy” was explored in a 1998 study that looked at the use of 43 spices in over 4,500 recipes from 93 traditional cookbooks across 36 countries. The researchers found that countries with hotter climates tended to use more spices in their recipes, with some regions like Ethiopia, India, and Thailand incorporating spices in every meat-based dish.

The researchers also delved into the antimicrobial properties of different spices, noting that ingredients like ginger and turmeric have compounds that can help fight off bacteria and viruses. They found that countries in warmer climates tended to use more potent antibacterial spices in their dishes, potentially reducing the risk of foodborne illnesses.

While the theory is compelling, not all researchers agree on the link between spice use and climate. A more recent study in 2021 questioned whether the relationship is as straightforward as previously thought, suggesting that factors like GDP and life expectancy may also play a role in spice consumption.

Ultimately, the connection between spice and climate is complex and multifaceted. Spice consumption is influenced by a variety of cultural, environmental, and economic factors, making it a rich and evolving aspect of global cuisine. So next time you reach for that hot sauce or sprinkle of paprika, remember that the story behind your seasoning choice goes far beyond just flavor.